On Friday, with the help of lawyers from Kilpatrick Stockton, Delta Air Lines is slated to close a $450 million deal that raises cash for the company by using 24 of its jets as collateral.
The airline launched the transaction on Tuesday, selling Class A pass-through trust certificates, which are similar to bonds, to underwriters including Goldman Sachs & Co. and Credit Suisse Securities. The underwriters then sell the certificates, primarily to institutional investors. Delta initially will hold the sale proceeds in escrow, according to documents on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission, then will use the pass-through trust to acquire a related series of enhanced equipment trust certificates, or EETCs, a specialized form of financing larger airlines use to fund the purchase of their jets. Delta will pay 6.2 percent for the financing, with a distribution date of 2018.
Delta will net $444.3 million from the deal, after the underwriting fee of $5.6 million is paid.
This is a repeat performance for the Kilpatrick team, led by partner W. Benjamin Barkley and including partner David M. Eaton and associates Adwoa M. Awotwi and Megan K. Callahan, who handled a similar transaction for Delta in November. That one was valued at $688.7 million and carried considerably higher interest rates on its two tranches—7.75 percent and 9.75 percent.
Barkley said he could not comment on the transaction because the DEAL is pending. Delta also was represented by lawyers from Debevoise & Plimpton, serving as the airline's chief finance counsel. Shearman & Sterling represented the underwriters, which, in addition to Goldman and Credit Suisse, are Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. and Banc of America Securities Inc.
In the current deal, Delta is financing two new Boeing jets the airline received in March, and refinancing 22 other aircraft, which Delta acquired about a decade ago. Those older planes were financed in 2000 under another EETC that matures in November. Because EETCs cannot be paid off early without complications, the proceeds from the current certificate sale will be held in a trust account until this fall, then used to pay off the older jets.
The deal is structured to enhance Delta's ability to market it to investors. As in its November deal, the pass-through trust structure allows investors to cede some duties to a trustee, who distributes interest payments to investors according to their ownership shares and makes decisions for the group about whether to foreclose on an aircraft in the event of default.
If there is a default, Natixis SA, the New York branch of a French investment bank, is serving as a liquidity backstop provider, which, according to Delta's preliminary prospectus supplement, means Natixis will make three semiannual interest payments on the debt if Delta cannot do so.
The financing is secured by jets with a total appraised value of about $839 million, providing a 54 percent loan-to-value ratio. The November deal's loan-to-value ratio, by contrast, was 61 percent—meaning investors in the current deal are getting a bit more security because the equity in the planes is higher, providing more downside protection in the event of the jets' depreciation or if Delta defaults and the planes need to be seized and sold.
That ratio could change if the airline decides it needs more money and issues Class B certificates—roughly equivalent to a second mortgage on the same set of planes—which is something SEC documents say the airline has the option to do.
The prospectus also lists risks associated with the investment, including the volatility of fuel costs; Delta's obligation to post collateral in connection with its fuel hedge contracts—in 2008, "our counterparties required us to fund $1.2 billion of fuel hedge margin," the airline notes in the filing; and Delta's ability to fully realize the expected benefits of its merger with Northwest, for which integration costs of $500 million over three years are anticipated.
Although Delta has packed on debt in recent months, an 8-K filed June 15 says Delta plans to start deleveraging. Citing $1 billion in cashflow from operations and $600 million in free cashflow in the quarter ended in March, the company noted that its unit revenues increased by 8 percent—the first increase since the fourth quarter of 2008.
Delta projected that it would cut its net debt, estimated to be $15 billion at the end of this year, to $10.2 billion by December 2012.